Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)
What is IVDD?
Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a prevalent spinal condition that affects dogs, particularly those with short legs and long bodies, such as Dachshunds, Beagles, and Corgis. IVDD occurs when the intervertebral discs, which act as cushions between the vertebrae, degenerate or herniate, leading to compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots. There are two main types of IVDD: Type I and Type II. Type I IVDD is more common in younger dogs and is characterized by sudden and severe disc herniation, often triggered by an injury or trauma. On the other hand, Type II IVDD is more common in older dogs and is associated with a gradual degeneration of the disc over time, making it more prone to herniation with less traumatic incidents. Both types of IVDD can cause varying degrees of pain, hind limb weakness, paralysis, and loss of bladder and bowel control. Immediate veterinary attention is crucial when IVDD is suspected to prevent further neurological damage and to explore appropriate treatment options.
How do we treat IVDD?
The treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) in dogs involves a multifaceted approach aimed at relieving pain, improving mobility, and promoting recovery. In cases where there is severe compression of the spinal cord or nerves, surgical options may be necessary to remove the herniated disc material and alleviate pressure on the affected area. Post-surgery, rehabilitation plays a crucial role in the recovery process. Focusing on increasing input to the limbs can help strengthen the muscles, improve coordination, and support the dog's ability to regain function in the affected limbs. Neuroplasticity, the brain's ability to adapt and form new connections, is also encouraged through rehabilitation exercises to aid in the rewiring of neural pathways, potentially leading to improved mobility. Modalities can also be beneficial in reducing pain and inflammation around herniated discs.
Assistive devices, such as dog wheelchairs or slings, can be beneficial for dogs experiencing significant hind limb weakness or paralysis. These devices help support the dog's weight and provide the necessary assistance to move around comfortably while minimizing the risk of further injury. We can help choose the right device for your pet and make sure everything fits correctly.
Activity modification is crucial during the recovery phase and beyond. Restricting the dog's physical activities, especially jumping and climbing stairs, helps prevent additional stress on the spine and allows for proper healing.